Understanding the Causes of Anorexia: Arrested Emotional Development
1st: Sociocultural Pressures. The incidence' of anorexia appears to be increasing, perhaps as a result of sociocultural pressures. The "ideal" weight for females has decreased in recent years. For example, a team of researchers found that the average bust and hip measurements of models in Playboy magazine center-folds decreased over a 20 year period.
2nd: The roots of Arrested Psychological Development are
from past traumas or disturbances in childhood, adolescent or teen's family of origin--
More at:
http://emotional-intelligence-training.weebly.com/arrested-psychological-development-you-maybe-younger-than-you-lookhellippsychologically-speakinghellip.html
The "ideal" weight for females...
We have also found that the average weight of contestants
in the Miss America pageant had decreased
over the same period (above). Meanwhile the discrepancy between
ideal and reality increased because the average
weight of American women under 30 increased by 5
pounds. The same cultural pressures can be seen in
occupational groups where thinness is especially desirable.
Female ballet dancers and models are more likely to be
anorexic than other women of their age.
Anorexia nervosa is also found in men, but it is much rarer. In a study conducted at a large hospital over a 20 -year period, only, 9 percent of the patients diagnosed as anorexic were men.
Starvation: Fatigue, avoidance of physical exertion
Anorexia nervosa: Seemingly in-exhaustible energy; physical exercise sought, over activity Sexual Activity subgroups: those in the bulimic anorexic group are more likely than those in the restrictor group to abuse alcohol or drugs and to have other problems of impulse control, such as stealing. The families of the bulimic anorexics are less stable, have more parental discord and physical health problems, and have experienced more negative events in the recent past. These families of bulimic anorexics have much higher rates of mood disorders and substance abuse disorders than the families of restrictors. Thus, it is possible that genetic factors play a role in the development of anorexic disorders.
Consequences of Anorexic Behavior
Anorexia disturbs the body's functioning in many ways
including retarded bone growth, anemia, dry skin, low
body temperature and basal metabolism rate,
slow heart rate, and "lack of tolerance for cold.
Anorexia results in at least a temporary absence of menstrual periods.
In addition, a number of physiological
changes are likely to accompany anorexia, especially
if there is vomiting. One of these, low level of
serum potassium, may cause cardiac arrhythmia,
a tendency toward changes in heart rate that can result in
death. Some researchers believe that these changes may
be due to malfunctioning of the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus controls the body's water balance,
maintenance of body temperature, secretion
of the endocrine glands, and fat metabolism. It is
not clear whether the hypothalamus changes occur before
the anorexic behavior begins or as a result of
changes in eating behavior. This hypothalamic malfunction
may also be related to impairment in dopamine
regulation and, thus, to the development of depression.
Both types of anorexics show obsessive preoccupations
and feel a great deal of stress. Test results from the
MMPI also indicates that anorexics are likely to be depressed.
Add this depression is likely to continue even after
successful treatment for their weight problem.
The long-term outcome for both restricting and
bulimic anorexic groups is much the same when either
anorexic symptoms or social functioning is considered.
The only differences were that the group was more likely to have a substance abuse disorder than the restricting group. Both groups were much more likely than a matched comparison group to have had an affective or anxiety disorder sometime in their lives (Toner). Depression seems to be a continuing problem for anorexic patients. A long-term follow-up study of 151 former anorexia patients found that 9 had died an average of 7 years after their first medical contact with anorexia, 7 of them by suicide (Tolstrup).
Subgroups:
Those in the bulimic anorexic group are more likely than those in the restrictor group to abuse alcohol or drugs and to have other problems of impulse control, such as stealing (Leon). The families of the bulimic anorexics are less stable, have more parental discord and physical health problems, and have experienced more negative events in the recent past. These families of bulimic anorexics have much higher rates of mood disorders and substance abuse disorders than the family of restrictors (Kog and Vandereyckcn). Thus, it is possible that genetic factors play a role in the development of anorexic disorders.
Karen Carpenter (famous singer) died from a heart attack in her early thirties. Physicians thought the recording star's long battle with anorexia nervosa was an important factor in her death.
2nd: The roots of Arrested Psychological Development are
from past traumas or disturbances in childhood, adolescent or teen's family of origin--
More at:
http://emotional-intelligence-training.weebly.com/arrested-psychological-development-you-maybe-younger-than-you-lookhellippsychologically-speakinghellip.html
The "ideal" weight for females...
We have also found that the average weight of contestants
in the Miss America pageant had decreased
over the same period (above). Meanwhile the discrepancy between
ideal and reality increased because the average
weight of American women under 30 increased by 5
pounds. The same cultural pressures can be seen in
occupational groups where thinness is especially desirable.
Female ballet dancers and models are more likely to be
anorexic than other women of their age.
Anorexia nervosa is also found in men, but it is much rarer. In a study conducted at a large hospital over a 20 -year period, only, 9 percent of the patients diagnosed as anorexic were men.
Starvation: Fatigue, avoidance of physical exertion
Anorexia nervosa: Seemingly in-exhaustible energy; physical exercise sought, over activity Sexual Activity subgroups: those in the bulimic anorexic group are more likely than those in the restrictor group to abuse alcohol or drugs and to have other problems of impulse control, such as stealing. The families of the bulimic anorexics are less stable, have more parental discord and physical health problems, and have experienced more negative events in the recent past. These families of bulimic anorexics have much higher rates of mood disorders and substance abuse disorders than the families of restrictors. Thus, it is possible that genetic factors play a role in the development of anorexic disorders.
Consequences of Anorexic Behavior
Anorexia disturbs the body's functioning in many ways
including retarded bone growth, anemia, dry skin, low
body temperature and basal metabolism rate,
slow heart rate, and "lack of tolerance for cold.
Anorexia results in at least a temporary absence of menstrual periods.
In addition, a number of physiological
changes are likely to accompany anorexia, especially
if there is vomiting. One of these, low level of
serum potassium, may cause cardiac arrhythmia,
a tendency toward changes in heart rate that can result in
death. Some researchers believe that these changes may
be due to malfunctioning of the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus controls the body's water balance,
maintenance of body temperature, secretion
of the endocrine glands, and fat metabolism. It is
not clear whether the hypothalamus changes occur before
the anorexic behavior begins or as a result of
changes in eating behavior. This hypothalamic malfunction
may also be related to impairment in dopamine
regulation and, thus, to the development of depression.
Both types of anorexics show obsessive preoccupations
and feel a great deal of stress. Test results from the
MMPI also indicates that anorexics are likely to be depressed.
Add this depression is likely to continue even after
successful treatment for their weight problem.
The long-term outcome for both restricting and
bulimic anorexic groups is much the same when either
anorexic symptoms or social functioning is considered.
The only differences were that the group was more likely to have a substance abuse disorder than the restricting group. Both groups were much more likely than a matched comparison group to have had an affective or anxiety disorder sometime in their lives (Toner). Depression seems to be a continuing problem for anorexic patients. A long-term follow-up study of 151 former anorexia patients found that 9 had died an average of 7 years after their first medical contact with anorexia, 7 of them by suicide (Tolstrup).
Subgroups:
Those in the bulimic anorexic group are more likely than those in the restrictor group to abuse alcohol or drugs and to have other problems of impulse control, such as stealing (Leon). The families of the bulimic anorexics are less stable, have more parental discord and physical health problems, and have experienced more negative events in the recent past. These families of bulimic anorexics have much higher rates of mood disorders and substance abuse disorders than the family of restrictors (Kog and Vandereyckcn). Thus, it is possible that genetic factors play a role in the development of anorexic disorders.
Karen Carpenter (famous singer) died from a heart attack in her early thirties. Physicians thought the recording star's long battle with anorexia nervosa was an important factor in her death.
If you are serious about changing,
I encourage you to schedule a FREE CONSULTATION with the treatment method I recommend:
http://www.theliberatormethod.com/Welcome.html
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
NOTES:
I encourage you to schedule a FREE CONSULTATION with the treatment method I recommend:
http://www.theliberatormethod.com/Welcome.html
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
NOTES:
Age of onset
Anemia
Azotemia
Barrett's Esophagus
Biochemical Imbalance
Blind Weights or blind weigh-In
Body Fat Percentage
Body image
Body image distortion
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Bone density scan
Bone marrow hypoplasia
Bradycardia
Calcium
Callused fingers
Carbohydrates ("carbs")
Cardiac arrhythmias (also called dysrhythmia or palpitations)
Cerebral atrophy
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Constipation
Continuum of Care [continuity of care]
Cramps, tetany
Day Treatment, Day Hospital, Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP)
Dehydration
Delayed gastric emptying (gastroparesis)
Dental complications (enamel loss, cavities, tooth loss)
Diet
Dietitian
Diuretics
Edema
Electrolyte imbalance/Disturbances
Electrolytes
Elevated Blood Sugar/Glucose (Hyperglycemia)
Esophageal erosion
Esophagus, tearing of
Essential Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Omega-6, Fish Oil
F.E.A.S.T.
Family Therapist
Fat
Fat phobia
Finger clubbing/swelling
Fluid loading/Water loading
Food
Gastric distention
Gastric rupture
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gastrointestinal difficulties
Gastrostomy feeding
Graded refeeding
Growth retardation
Gum disease
Hair symptoms
High blood sugar or hyperglycemia
Hunger
Hypochloremia
Hypokalemic alkalosis or acidosis
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypophosphatemia
Hypotension or low blood pressure
Hypothalamic hypogonadism
Hypothermia (low body temperature)
Ideal body weight (IBW)
Infertility
Inpatient hospital treatment (IP)
Insomnia
Ipecac Syrup
Iron Deficiency
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
Mallory-Weiss tear
Malnutrition
Metabolic Rate
Mortality
Muscle Atrophy
Myocardial toxicity
Nails symptoms
Nasogastric (NG) feeding
Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian
Open weigh-in
Oral nutritional supplements
Osteopenia
Osteoporosis
Outpatient treatment
Pancreatitis
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) and Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Pelvic ultrasound scanning
Peptic Ulcers
Pregnancy problems
Prevention programs
Purgative
Refeeding (also called renutrition)
Refeeding syndrome
Refractory
Renal (kidney) complications
Residential treatment/ residential care (RC)
Russell's Sign
Satiety
Seizures
Set-point theory
Skin symptoms
Stages of recovery
Swollen parotid glands (chipmunk cheeks)
Symptom Substitution or Crossover
Target weight
Taste
Therapeutic Meals/Snacks
Variety (in refeeding)
Vitamin D
Water loading
Weakness and Fatigue
Weigh-in Procedures
Weight/Length Conversion
Weight Manipulation
Weight restoration, weight restored
Zinc
Anemia
Azotemia
Barrett's Esophagus
Biochemical Imbalance
Blind Weights or blind weigh-In
Body Fat Percentage
Body image
Body image distortion
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Bone density scan
Bone marrow hypoplasia
Bradycardia
Calcium
Callused fingers
Carbohydrates ("carbs")
Cardiac arrhythmias (also called dysrhythmia or palpitations)
Cerebral atrophy
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Constipation
Continuum of Care [continuity of care]
Cramps, tetany
Day Treatment, Day Hospital, Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP)
Dehydration
Delayed gastric emptying (gastroparesis)
Dental complications (enamel loss, cavities, tooth loss)
Diet
Dietitian
Diuretics
Edema
Electrolyte imbalance/Disturbances
Electrolytes
Elevated Blood Sugar/Glucose (Hyperglycemia)
Esophageal erosion
Esophagus, tearing of
Essential Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Omega-6, Fish Oil
F.E.A.S.T.
Family Therapist
Fat
Fat phobia
Finger clubbing/swelling
Fluid loading/Water loading
Food
Gastric distention
Gastric rupture
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gastrointestinal difficulties
Gastrostomy feeding
Graded refeeding
Growth retardation
Gum disease
Hair symptoms
High blood sugar or hyperglycemia
Hunger
Hypochloremia
Hypokalemic alkalosis or acidosis
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypophosphatemia
Hypotension or low blood pressure
Hypothalamic hypogonadism
Hypothermia (low body temperature)
Ideal body weight (IBW)
Infertility
Inpatient hospital treatment (IP)
Insomnia
Ipecac Syrup
Iron Deficiency
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
Mallory-Weiss tear
Malnutrition
Metabolic Rate
Mortality
Muscle Atrophy
Myocardial toxicity
Nails symptoms
Nasogastric (NG) feeding
Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian
Open weigh-in
Oral nutritional supplements
Osteopenia
Osteoporosis
Outpatient treatment
Pancreatitis
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) and Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Pelvic ultrasound scanning
Peptic Ulcers
Pregnancy problems
Prevention programs
Purgative
Refeeding (also called renutrition)
Refeeding syndrome
Refractory
Renal (kidney) complications
Residential treatment/ residential care (RC)
Russell's Sign
Satiety
Seizures
Set-point theory
Skin symptoms
Stages of recovery
Swollen parotid glands (chipmunk cheeks)
Symptom Substitution or Crossover
Target weight
Taste
Therapeutic Meals/Snacks
Variety (in refeeding)
Vitamin D
Water loading
Weakness and Fatigue
Weigh-in Procedures
Weight/Length Conversion
Weight Manipulation
Weight restoration, weight restored
Zinc